Scope

[java]
compileOnly
runtimeOnly
implementation
testCompileOnly
testRuntimeOnly
testImplementation

[java-library]
api
compileOnlyApi

[war]
providedCompile

[exclude]
implementation(‘org.xx:xx:xx’) {
exclude group: ‘org.xx’
exclude module: ‘slf4j-api’ // or
exclude group: ‘org.xx’, module: ‘slf4j-api’
}

[transitive]
implementation(‘org.hibernate:hibernate-core:3.6.3.Final’) {
transitive(false) // no allow transitive
}

[enfore]
implementation(‘org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.4.0!!’)

fast-fail

configurations.all() {
Configuration config -> config.resolutionStrategy.faillOnVersionConflict()
}

gradle command

gradle tasks
gradle build
gradle run
gradle tasks --all
gradle dependencies
gradle properties

commandline args

–max-workers --parallel --no-parallel -Dorg.gradle.logging.level=quiet
-q/quiet -w/warn -i/info -d/debug -x/exclude-task --rerun-tasks # ignore up-to-date
–continue # generate build report

e.g. gradle init --type pom
e.g. gradle myTask is equal to gradle mT

dynamic invoke

new A().printA()
// equivalent
def a = new A()
invokeVirtual(a, 'printA')

Domain-Sepcific Languages

// equivalent to: turn(left).then(right)
turn left then right// equivalent to: take(2.pills).of(chloroquinine).after(6.hours)
take 2.pills of chloroquinine after 6.hours// equivalent to: paint(wall).with(red, green).and(yellow)
paint wall with red, green and yellow// with named parameters too
// equivalent to: check(that: margarita).tastes(good)
check that: margarita tastes good// with closures as parameters
// equivalent to: given({}).when({}).then({})
given { } when { } then { }// equivalent to: select(all).unique().from(names)
select all unique() from names// equivalent to: take(3).cookies
// and also this: take(3).getCookies()
take 3 cookies

Delegate & Closure

Closure closure = {sayHello()
}
class Foo {void sayHello() {println("hello")}
}
def foo = new Foo()
closure.delegate = foo
closure() // invoke

equivalent to internal Class

Task

task A {}
task(map, 'B')
tasks.create('C') {}
tasks.register('D') {} // Lazy loading// use exist Type
tasks.register('myClean', Delete) { delete buildDir
}task sourcesJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: classes) {classifier = 'sources'from sourceSets.main.allSource
}task javadocJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) {classifier = 'javadoc'from javadoc.destinationDir
}4.times {tasks.register("task$it") {doLast {println "I'm task number $it"}}
}

method: tasks.findByName / getByName / findByPath / getByPath(“:project-a”)
addRule(“description”) { taskName -> task(taskName) { doLast { print $taskName } } }

taskName.onlyIf { !project.hasProperty(‘a’) } // return if excute
defaultTasks ‘taskA’, ‘taskB’ // project default execute Task

Daemon

jvm start and shutdown is too heavy for system, better than keep running

gradle connect daemon throught socket

Core Object

1. Project

2. Task

3. Gradle

4. Gradle 初始化构建, 全局单例

5. Project pom.xml 模块唯一对应

6. Settings 项目唯一, 一般只用到 include 方法

7. Task 前面的有向无环图基于 Task 对象

Life Cycle

Initialzation
settings.gradle Gradle#settingsEvaluated
build.gradle Gradle#projectsLoaded
Configuration
allprojects: Gradle#beforeProject and Project#beforeEvaluate
subprojects: Gradle#beforeProject and Project#beforeEvaluate
SubProjectA: Gradle#beforeProject and Project#beforeEvaluate
EXECUTE build.gradle 配置段脚本
SubProjectA: Gradle#afterProject and Project#afterEvaluate
ALL READY:
Gradle#projectsEvaluated
Gradle#taskGraph#whenReady
Execution
TaskExecutionGraph#beforeTask
EXECUTE Task Action
TaskExecutionGraph#afterTask
ALL EXECUTED: Gradle#buildFinish

buildscript

plugins {id 'java'id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.6.3'id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.15.RELEASE'
}group = 'com.xxx.xx'
version = '1.0-SNAPSHOT'repositories {mavenCentral()
}dependencies {implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
}tasks.named('test') {// useJUnit() for junit fouruseJUnitPlatform() // for junit jupiter
}// or
buildscript {repositories {maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }}dependencies {classpath 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:2.4.1'}
}apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'