当我们将数据存入队列时称为” addQueue”, addQueue 的处理需要有两个步骤: 思路分析
1)将尾指针往后移: rear +1+1+1, 当 front ====== rear 【空】
2)若尾指针 rear 小于队列的最大下标 maxSize-1, 则将数据存入 rear 所指的数组元素中, 否则无法存入数据。 rear ==max==\max==max Size −1-1−1 [队列满]
public class ArrayQueue {public static void main(String[] args) {// 1. 声明数组模拟的队列,设置maxSize为4ArrayQueue arrayQueue = new ArrayQueue(4);// 2. 开始测试arrayQueue.add(1);arrayQueue.add(3);arrayQueue.add(4);arrayQueue.add(2);arrayQueue.add(5);System.out.println(arrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(arrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(arrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(arrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(arrayQueue.poll());}// 数组长度(队列的最大容量)int maxSize;// 当前队列长度int curSize;// 数组int[] arr;// 当前指向的元素int curIndex;public ArrayQueue(int maxSize) {this.maxSize = maxSize;arr = new int[maxSize];curIndex = 0;curSize = 0;}// 添加元素到队列public void add(int num) {if (curSize >= maxSize) {System.err.println("队列容量不足,无法添加元素");}else{arr[curSize++] = num;}}// 从队列取出头元素public int poll() {if (curIndex >= curSize) {throw new RuntimeException("当前队列为空,无法取出元素");}else if (curIndex >= maxSize) {throw new RuntimeException("超出队列长度");}else{return arr[curIndex++];}}}
输出:
队列容量不足,无法添加元素
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Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: 当前队列为空,无法取出元素at com.wskh.DataStructures.Queue.ArrayQueue.poll(ArrayQueue.java:57)at com.wskh.DataStructures.Queue.ArrayQueue.main(ArrayQueue.java:26)
对前面的数组模拟队列的优化, 充分利用数组. 因此将数组看做是一个环形的。(通过取模的方式来实现即可)
分析说明:
public class CircleArrayQueue {public static void main(String[] args) {// 1. 声明数组模拟的队列,设置maxSize为4CircleArrayQueue circleArrayQueue = new CircleArrayQueue(4);// 2. 开始测试circleArrayQueue.add(1);circleArrayQueue.add(3);circleArrayQueue.add(4);System.out.println(circleArrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(circleArrayQueue.poll());circleArrayQueue.add(2);circleArrayQueue.add(5);System.out.println(circleArrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(circleArrayQueue.poll());System.out.println(circleArrayQueue.poll());}// 数组长度(队列的最大容量)int maxSize;// 当前队列长度int curSize;// 当前追加的指针int addIndex;// 数组Integer[] arr;// 当前指向的元素int curIndex;public CircleArrayQueue(int maxSize) {this.maxSize = maxSize;arr = new Integer[maxSize];curIndex = 0;curSize = 0;addIndex = 0;}// 添加元素到队列public void add(int num) {if (curSize >= maxSize) {System.err.println("队列容量不足,无法添加元素");} else {arr[(addIndex++) % maxSize] = num;}}// 从队列取出头元素public int poll() {if (arr[curIndex % maxSize] == null) {throw new RuntimeException("当前队列为空,无法取出元素");} else {curSize--;Integer integer = arr[curIndex % maxSize];arr[curIndex % maxSize] = null;curIndex++;return integer;}}}
输出:
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