要编写一个多元的defn宏,可以使用Clojure的宏定义功能来实现。下面是一个示例:
(defmacro defn-multi
[name & clauses]
(let [arity->body (into {} (mapcat parse-clause clauses))]
`(defn ~name
([~'& args#]
(let [n (count args#)]
(if-let [body# (get ~arity->body n)]
(apply body# args#)
(throw (IllegalArgumentException.
(str "Invalid arity: " n)))))))
)
(defn parse-clause
[clause]
(let [[args body] (split-with #(not= % '&) clause)]
(if (empty? body)
(throw (IllegalArgumentException.
"No function body provided"))
{(count args) `(fn ~args ~@body)}))
)
使用这个defn-multi
宏,可以定义多个参数个数的函数。例如:
(defn-multi foo
([] "No arguments")
([x] (str "One argument: " x))
([x y] (str "Two arguments: " x " and " y))
([x y z] (str "Three arguments: " x ", " y " and " z)))
(foo) ; "No arguments"
(foo 1) ; "One argument: 1"
(foo 1 2) ; "Two arguments: 1 and 2"
(foo 1 2 3) ; "Three arguments: 1, 2 and 3"
(foo 1 2 3 4) ; throws IllegalArgumentException
这个示例中,defn-multi
宏接受一个函数名和多个参数个数与函数体的对应的参数,然后生成一个defn
形式的函数定义。在运行时,通过检查参数的个数,根据参数个数调用对应的函数体。如果给定的参数个数没有匹配的函数体,则抛出一个IllegalArgumentException
异常。