不同球面映射技术的差异主要体现在如何将三维球面映射到二维平面上,常见的球面映射技术包括球面投影、立体角度投影、笛卡尔投影等。下面是一些常见的球面映射技术及其代码示例的解决方法。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 生成球面上的点
theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100)
phi = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100)
theta, phi = np.meshgrid(theta, phi)
x = np.sin(phi) * np.cos(theta)
y = np.sin(phi) * np.sin(theta)
z = np.cos(phi)
# Mercator投影
lon = np.degrees(theta)
lat = 90 - np.degrees(phi)
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.subplot(121)
plt.scatter(lon, lat, c=z, cmap='jet')
plt.title('Mercator Projection')
# 极射投影
x_polar = lon * np.cos(lat)
y_polar = lon * np.sin(lat)
plt.subplot(122, polar=True)
plt.scatter(x_polar.flatten(), y_polar.flatten(), c=z.flatten(), cmap='jet')
plt.title('Polar Projection')
plt.show()
import numpy as np
import cv2
# 生成球面上的点
theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100)
phi = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100)
theta, phi = np.meshgrid(theta, phi)
x = np.sin(phi) * np.cos(theta)
y = np.sin(phi) * np.sin(theta)
z = np.cos(phi)
# 立体角度投影
def spherical2stereographic(x, y, z):
r = np.sqrt(x**2 + y**2 + z**2)
x_stereo = 2 * x / (1 + r)
y_stereo = 2 * y / (1 + r)
z_stereo = (r - 1) / (1 + r)
return x_stereo, y_stereo, z_stereo
x_stereo, y_stereo, z_stereo = spherical2stereographic(x, y, z)
# 显示立体角度投影
image = np.zeros((1000, 1000, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
image[..., 0] = (x_stereo + 1) * 127.5
image[..., 1] = (y_stereo + 1) * 127.5
image[..., 2] = (z_stereo + 1) * 127.5
cv2.imshow('Stereographic Projection', image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 生成球面上的点
theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100)
phi = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100)
theta, phi = np.meshgrid(theta, phi)
x = np.sin(phi) * np.cos(theta)
y = np.sin(phi) * np.sin(theta)
z = np.cos(phi)
# 正交投影
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
plt.subplot(121)
plt.scatter(x.flatten(), y.flatten(), c=z.flatten(), cmap='jet')
plt.title('Orthographic Projection')
# 斜轴投影
ax = plt.subplot(122, projection='3d')
ax.scatter(x.flatten(),
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