有时候使用es查询出的结果包含多个字段，如果数据中仅仅包含几个字段时，我们是很容易挑出自己需要的字段值，但是如果数据中包含几十或者几百甚至更多时，尤其是数据中嵌套好多层时，不容易直接挑取出需要的值，这时候可以借助程序直接查找出来。或者针对性的直接查询时就限定条件查询某些字段的值。

直接从es中查询出的示例数据：

{"took": 918,"timed_out": false,"_shards": {"total": 1,"successful": 1,"skipped": 0,"failed": 0},"hits": {"total": {"value": 4,"relation": "eq"},"max_score": 1.0,"hits": [{"_index": "test","_type": "user","_id": "QHi1UoIBpyNh4YQ4T1Sq","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1001,"name": "张三","age": 20,"sex": "男","grade": {"Chinese": 99,"Math": 98,"English": 96}}},{"_index": "test","_type": "user","_id": "1002","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1002,"name": "李四","age": 23,"sex": "女","grade": {"Chinese": 98,"Math": 99,"English": 97}}},{"_index": "test","_type": "user","_id": "1003","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1003,"name": "王五","age": 27,"sex": "男","grade": {"Chinese": 93,"Math": 90,"English": 99}}},{"_index": "test","_type": "user","_id": "1004","_score": 1.0,"_source": {"id": 1004,"name": "赵六","age": 29,"sex": "女","grade": {"Chinese": 100,"Math": 95,"English": 94}}}]}
}

使用python打印出需要的字段值：

import json
import jmespathwith open('text.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:data = f.read()json_data = json.loads(data)
# print(json_data)
sources = json_data.get('hits').get('hits')
# print(sources)
for source in sources:# print(source)data = source.get('_source')print(data)valid_fields = '{name: name, Chinese_grade: grade.Chinese}'ret = jmespath.search(valid_fields, data)print(ret)

运行结果：

注意：使用json.load()时，会把文本中的fase、true直接变为False、True

参考博文：

python中jmespath库用法详解_IT之一小佬的博客-CSDN博客_jmespath python