二八佳人体似酥，腰间仗剑斩愚夫。虽然不见人头落，暗里教君骨髓枯。

创建一个 普通的 Spring Boot Web 项目

整合 RabbitMQ

pom.xml 添加依赖

org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-parent2.2.11.RELEASEorg.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-weborg.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-amqporg.projectlomboklombokorg.springframework.amqpspring-rabbit-test

application.yml 配置文件配置

#配置服务器端相应消息
server:port: 8088servlet:context-path: /Server
#配置rabbitmq的相关信息
spring:rabbitmq:host: 127.0.0.1  # 配置主机port: 5672  # 配置端口virtual-host: yjl   # 配置虚拟主机username: guest   # 配置用户名password: guest  # 配置密码connection-timeout: 15000# 配置回调publisher-confirm-type: correlated
#配置rabbit 队列，交换器，路由等相关信息
rabbit:fanout:exchange: fanout_logsqueue1: debug_consolequeue2: debug_filequeue3: debug_dbdirect:exchange: direct_logsqueue1: debug_consolequeue2: debug_filequeue3: debug_dbtopic:exchange: topic_logsqueue1: topic_log_consolequeue2: topic_log_filettl:x_exchange: xqueue_a: QAqueue_b: QBqueue_c: QCy_dead_exchange: yy_dead_queue_d: QDdelayed_exchange: delayed_exchange2delayed_queue: delayed.queuedelayed_routing_key: delayed_routingconfirm:# 确认exchange: confirm_exchange_1queue: confirm_queuerouting-key: key1backup_exchange: backup_exchangebackup_queue: backup_queuewarn_queue: warn_queue    

项目结构

项目结构如下:

SendMessageService 为 生产者发送消息的接口服务。

RecieveMessageService 为 消费者接收到消息后，进行的业务操作流程。

SendMessageController 为生产者创建消息的 Controller 入口。

创建队列

手动在 RabbitMQ 上创建一个队列 debug_console， 如果不存在的话。

简单的生产者发送消息

    @Resourceprivate SendMessageService sendMessageService;@RequestMapping("/queue")public String queue() {Integer randNum = (int) (Math.random() * 1000 + 1);sendMessageService.sendQueue(randNum);return "存储到队列中的数据是:" + randNum;}@RequestMapping("/work")public String work() {sendMessageService.sendWork();return "批量生成循环数字";}

往队列发送消息， 使用 RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate （与 RedisTemplate, JdbcTemplate 形似）

SendMessageServiceImpl.java

@Service
public class SendMessageServiceImpl implements SendMessageService {@Resourceprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Value("${rabbit.direct.queue1}")private String queueName;// 最普通的.@Overridepublic void sendQueue(Integer randNum) {// 只发送一条消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, String.valueOf(randNum));}@Overridepublic void sendWork() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {// 发送多条消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName, "第" + i + "条消息,消息内容是:" + i);}}
}

队列消息消费

ReceiveMessageServiceImpl.java

    @Overridepublic void handlerMessage(String message) {log.info(">>>> 获取到消息 {},开始进行业务处理",message);// 接下来,就是具体的业务去处理这些消息了.}

@Component
@Slf4j
public class DirectMqConsumer {@Resourceprivate ReceiveMessageService receiveMessageService;@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.direct.queue1}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "${rabbit.direct.exchange}"),key = {"debug", "info", "warn", "error"})})public void fanoutQueueConsumerConsole(String message) {log.info("控制台打印输出:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("控制台打印输出 direct:" + message);}
}

验证

访问网址: http://localhost:8088/Server/send/queue

访问网址: http://localhost:8088/Server/send/work

普通的消息异步处理是完成了。 但重要的，应该是 Fanout, Direct 和 Topic 的主题处理.

Fanout 交换机消息配置

创建交换机，队列并绑定 FanoutConfig

package com.yjl.amqp.config.fanout;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** Fanout 形式的 生产** @author yuejianli* @date 2022-11-22*/
@Component
public class FanoutConfig {@Value("${rabbit.fanout.queue1}")private String queue1;@Value("${rabbit.fanout.queue2}")private String queue2;@Value("${rabbit.fanout.exchange}")private String exchange;// 构建队列 Bean 和 Exchange Bean@Bean(value = "fanout_queue1")public Queue queue1() {return new Queue(queue1);}@Bean(value = "fanout_queue2")public Queue queue2() {return new Queue(queue2);}@Bean(value = "fanout_exchange")FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {return new FanoutExchange(exchange);}//进行绑定@BeanBinding bindingFanoutExchange1(@Qualifier("fanout_queue1") Queue queue,@Qualifier("fanout_exchange") FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);}@BeanBinding bindingFanoutExchange2(@Qualifier("fanout_queue2") Queue queue,@Qualifier("fanout_exchange") FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);}}

监听队列 FanoutMqConsumer

也可以使用 RabbitListener 进行绑定

package com.yjl.amqp.config.fanout;import com.yjl.amqp.service.ReceiveMessageService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.Resource;/*** fanout 的消费** @author yuejianli* @date 2022-11-22*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class FanoutMqConsumer {@Resourceprivate ReceiveMessageService receiveMessageService;@RabbitListener(queues = {"${rabbit.fanout.queue1}", "${rabbit.fanout.queue2}"})public void fanoutQueueConsumer1An2(String message) {log.info("队列 fanout:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("第一个消费者和第二个消费者获取消息 fanout:" + message);}// 也可以通过 RabbitListener 进行配置@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.fanout.queue3}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "fanout", name = "${rabbit.fanout.exchange}"),key = {})})public void fanoutQueueConsumer3(String message) {log.info("第三个消费者获取消息 fanout:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("第三个消费者获取消息 fanout:" + message);}
}

发送消息

SendMessageController.java

    @RequestMapping("/fanout")public String fanout() {sendMessageService.fanout();return "fanout生成消息";}

SendMessageServiceImpl.java

    @Overridepublic void fanout() {for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(fanoutExchange, "", "fanout 发送消息:" + i);}}

验证

输入网址: http://localhost:8088/Server/send/fanout

Direct 交换机消息配置

通过注解绑定和消费队列消息 DirectMqConsumer

ackage com.yjl.amqp.config.direct;import com.yjl.amqp.service.ReceiveMessageService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.Resource;/*** 用途描述** @author yuejianli* @date 2022-11-22*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class DirectMqConsumer {@Resourceprivate ReceiveMessageService receiveMessageService;@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.direct.queue1}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "${rabbit.direct.exchange}"),key = {"debug", "info", "warn", "error"})})public void fanoutQueueConsumerConsole(String message) {log.info("控制台打印输出:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("控制台打印输出 direct:" + message);}@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.direct.queue2}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "${rabbit.direct.exchange}"),key = {"info", "warn", "error"})})public void fanoutQueueConsumerFile(String message) {log.info("文件 打印输出:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("文件打印输出 direct:" + message);}@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.direct.queue3}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "${rabbit.direct.exchange}"),key = {"warn", "error"})})public void fanoutQueueConsumerDb(String message) {log.info("Db 打印输出:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("DB 打印输出 direct:" + message);}}

发送消息

SendMessageController.java

  @RequestMapping("/direct")public String direct() {sendMessageService.direct();return "direct 生成消息";}

SendMessageServiceImpl.java

     @Overridepublic void direct() {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(directExchange, "debug", "debug 消息");rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(directExchange, "info", "info 消息");rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(directExchange, "warn", "warn 消息");rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(directExchange, "error", "error 消息");}

验证

输入网址: http://localhost:8088/Server/send/direct

Topic 交换机消息配置

创建交换机，队列并绑定 TopicConfig

package com.yjl.amqp.config.topic;import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** Topic 形式的 生产** @author yuejianli* @date 2022-11-22*/
@Component
public class TopicConfig {@Value("${rabbit.topic.queue1}")private String queue1;@Value("${rabbit.topic.exchange}")private String exchange;// 构建队列 Bean 和 Exchange Bean@Bean(value = "topic_queue1")public Queue queue1() {return new Queue(queue1);}@Bean(value = "topic_exchange")TopicExchange topicExchange() {return new TopicExchange(exchange);}//进行绑定@BeanBinding bindingTopicExchange(@Qualifier("topic_queue1") Queue queue,@Qualifier("topic_exchange") TopicExchange topicExchange) {return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(topicExchange).with("*.orange.*");}}

监听队列 TopicMqConsumer

package com.yjl.amqp.config.topic;import com.yjl.amqp.service.ReceiveMessageService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.Resource;/*** topic 的队列配置** @author yuejianli* @date 2022-11-22*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class TopicMqConsumer {@Resourceprivate ReceiveMessageService receiveMessageService;@RabbitListener(queues = {"${rabbit.topic.queue1}"})public void fanoutQueueConsumer1An2(String message) {log.info("队列 topic:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("console topic:" + message);}@RabbitListener(bindings = {@QueueBinding(value = @Queue("${rabbit.topic.queue2}"),exchange = @Exchange(type = "topic", name = "${rabbit.topic.exchange}"),key = {"lazy.#", "*.*.rabbit"})})public void fanoutQueueConsumerConsole(String message) {log.info("file topic:" + message);receiveMessageService.handlerMessage("file topic:" + message);}
}

发送消息

SendMessageController.java

   @RequestMapping("/topic")public String topic() {sendMessageService.topic();return "topic 生成消息";}

SendMessageServiceImpl.java

  @Overridepublic void topic() {Map messageMap = new HashMap<>();messageMap.put("quick.orange.rabbit", "被队列 Q1Q2 接收到");messageMap.put("lazy.orange.elephant", "被队列 Q1Q2 接收到");messageMap.put("quick.orange.fox", "被队列 Q1 接收到");messageMap.put("lazy.brown.fox", "被队列 Q2 接收到");messageMap.put("info", "一个 info 消息3 ");messageMap.put("lazy.pink.rabbit", "虽然满足两个绑定但只被队列 Q2 接收一次");messageMap.put("quick.brown.fox", "不匹配任何绑定不会被任何队列接收到会被丢弃");messageMap.put("quick.orange.male.rabbit", "是四个单词不匹配任何绑定会被丢弃");messageMap.put("lazy.orange.male.rabbit", "是四个单词但匹配 Q2");messageMap.forEach((routingKey, message) -> {try {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(topicExchange, routingKey,message);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}});}

验证

输入网址: http://localhost:8088/Server/send/topic

这是 RabbitMQ 异步处理消息的常见用法。