通过使用“Security-Scoped Bookmarks”来授权访问用户主目录。代码示例如下：

// 1. 请求授权
let openPanel = NSOpenPanel()
openPanel.canChooseDirectories = true
openPanel.canCreateDirectories = false
openPanel.canChooseFiles = false
openPanel.allowsMultipleSelection = false
openPanel.directoryURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: NSHomeDirectory())
openPanel.begin { (result) -> Void in
    if result.rawValue == NSFileHandlingPanelOKButton {
        guard let url = openPanel.url else { return }
        do {
            let bookmarkData = try url.bookmarkData(options: .withSecurityScope, includingResourceValuesForKeys: nil, relativeTo: nil)
            UserDefaults.standard.set(bookmarkData, forKey: "BookmarkData")
            UserDefaults.standard.synchronize()

            // 2. 利用授权访问
            if let bookmarkData = UserDefaults.standard.object(forKey: "BookmarkData") as? Data {
                var isStale = false
                let url = try URL(resolvingBookmarkData: bookmarkData, options: .withSecurityScope, relativeTo: nil, bookmarkDataIsStale: &isStale)

                if isStale {
                    print("Bookmark is stale")
                }

                let keys = Set([.nameKey, .isDirectoryKey])
                let fileList = try FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(at: url, includingPropertiesForKeys: Array(keys), options: FileManager.DirectoryEnumerationOptions.skipsHiddenFiles)

                print(fileList)
            }
        } catch {
            print("Bookmark not created!")
        }
    }
}

这段代码允许用户选择主文件夹，并创建一个开发者权限的 bookmarkData，用于后续的读写操作。在以后的会话中，我们可以使用 bookmarkData 来维持对主文件夹的持续访问权限。