DMA介绍

DMA(Direct MemoryAccess，直接存储器访问)提供在外设与内存、存储器和存储器、外设与外设之间的高速数据传输使用。它允许不同速度的硬件装置来沟通，而不需要依赖于CPU，在这个时间中，CPU对于内存的工作来说就无法使用。

DMA的意义

• 数据搬运的工作比较耗时间。

• 数据搬运工作时效要求高(有数据来就要搬走) 。

• 没啥技术含量(CPU节约出来的时间可以处理更重要的事)。

• DMA是数据搬运工，代替CPU搬运数据，为CPU节省资源让CPU做其他操作。

DMA搬运的数据

• 存储器：存储器包括自身的闪存(flash)或者内存(SRAM)以及外设的存储设备都可以作为访问的源或者目标。

• 外设：外设指的是spi、usart、iic、adc 等基于APB1、APB2或AHB时钟的外设。

DMA搬运的地点

• 存储器-->存储器（例如:复制某特别大的数据buf）

• 存储-->外设（例:将某数据buf写入串口TDR寄存器）

• 外设-->存储器（例如:将串口RDR寄存器写入某数据buf）

DMA通道

STM32F103C8T6有2个DMA控制器，DMA1有7个通道，DMA2有5个通道,一个通道每次只能搬运一个外设的数据，如果同时有多个外设的DMA请求，则按照通道优先级进行响应。

仲裁器

• 仲裁器会通过DMA通道请求的优先级来启动对外设/内存的访问，也就是哪个通道的优先级最高，DMA就先响应哪个通道。

• DMA通道优先级管理由软件优先级和硬件优先级组成：

1. 软件优先级：每个通道的优先权可以在DMA_CCRx寄存器中设置，有4个等级：

• 最高优先级（Very High）

• 高优先级（High）

• 中等优先级（Medium）

• 低优先级（Low）

2. 硬件优先级：如果2个请求有相同的软件优先级，则较低编号的通道比较高编号的通道有较高的优先权。

控制器

DMA1

DMA2

DMA处理

在发生一个DMA请求事件后，外设向DMA控制器发送一个请求信号。DMA控制器根据通道优先级处理请求。当DMA控制器开始访问发出DMA请求的外设时，DMA控制器立即发送给外设一个应答信号。当外设从DMA控制器得到应答信号时，立即释放它的DMA请求。一旦外设释放了这个请求，DMA控制器同时撤销应答信号。如果有更多的请求时，外设可以启动下一个周期。

DMA传输的三个操作

1. 从外设数据寄存器或者从当前外设/存储器地址寄存器指示的存储器地址取数据，第一次传输时的开始地址是DMA_CPARx或DMA_CMARx寄存器指定的外设基地址或存储器单元。（从旧地点取数据）

2. 存数据到外设数据寄存器或者当前外设/存储器地址寄存器指示的存储器地址，第一次传输时的开始地址是DMA_CPARx或DMA_CMARx寄存器指定的外设基地址或存储器单元。（到新地点存数据）

3. 执行一次DMA_CNDTRx寄存器的递减操作，该寄存器包含未完成的操作数目。（操作数递减1次）

DMA传输的方式

正常模式（DMA Mode Normal）

• 一次DMA数据传输完后，停止DMA传送，也就是只传输一次。

• 要开始新的DMA传输，需要在关闭DMA通道的情况下，在DMA CNDTRx寄存器中重新写入传输数目。

循环传输模式（DMA Mode Circular）

• 当传输结束时，硬件自动会将传输数据量寄存器进行重装，进行下一轮的数据传输。 也就是多次传输模式。

• 主要用于处理循环缓冲区和连续的数据传输。

指针增量模式

外设和存储器指针在每次传输后可以自动向后递增或保持常量。当设置为增量模式时，下一个要传输的地址将是前一个地址加上增量值。

• 源指针和目标指针都设置为增量模式

• 源指针设置为增量模式

• 一般设计存储器的都开启指针增量模式

DMA中断

每个DMA通道都有3个事件（DMA半传输、DMA传输完成和DMA传输错误），这3个事件都可以成为一个单独的中断请求。

DMA实验1（存储器 -> 存储器）

使用DMA的方式将数组A的内容复制到数组B中，搬运完之后将数组B的内容通过串口打印到屏幕，同时每隔0.5s翻转一次LED1的电平。

STM32的hal库关于DMA的函数

HAL_DMA_Start(）

开启某个DMA通道的数据运输。

原型：HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_DMA_Start(DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma, uint32_t SrcAddress, uint32_t DstAddress, uint32_t DataLength)

参数：
DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma：DMA通道句柄
uint32_t SrcAddress：源数据地址
DstAddress：目标数据地址
DataLength：数据长度

实例：
#define BUF_SIZE 16
uint32_t srcBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {
0x00000000,0x11111111,0x22222222,0x33333333,
0x44444444,0x55555555,0x66666666,0x77777777,
0x88888888,0x99999999,0xaaaaaaaa,0xbbbbbbbb,
0xcccccccc,0xdddddddd,0xeeeeeeee,0xffffffff
};
uint32_t desBuf[BUF_SIZE];

HAL_DMA_Start(&hdma_memtomem_dma1_channel1,(uint32_t)srcBuf,(uint32_t)desBuf,sizeof(uint32_t) * BUF_SIZE); //开启DMA1通道1的数据传输

__HAL_DMA_GET_FLAG

检测某个DMA通道的数据传输情况。

原型:__HAL_DMA_GET_FLAG(DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma,__FLAG__)

参数：
DMA_HandleTypeDef *hdma：DMA通道句柄
__FLAG__：
DMA_FLAG_TCx：传输完成标志
DMA_FLAG_HTx：半传输完成标志
DMA_FLAG_TEx：传输错误标志
DMA_FLAG_GLx：全局中断标志

实例：__HAL_DMA_GET_FLAG(&hdma_memtomem_dma1_channel1,DMA_FLAG_TC1) //检测DMA1通道1的数据传输是否完成，完成返回RESET

使用STM32CubeMX创建工程

配置SYS

配置RCC

配置GPIO

PB8配置成输出高电平

配置串口信息（UART1）

配置DMA

使用DMA1的通道1，传输方向为内存到内存

配置工程名称、工程路径

选择固件库

生成工程

使用MicroLIB库

main.c文件编写

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include #define BUF_SIZE 16
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *///重写stdio.h文件中的prinft()里的fputc()函数
int fputc(int my_data,FILE *p)
{unsigned char temp = my_data;//改写后，使用printf()函数会将数据通过串口一发送出去HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,&temp,1,0xffff);  //0xfffff为最大超时时间return my_data;
}//源数组
uint32_t srcBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {0x00000000,0x11111111,0x22222222,0x33333333,0x44444444,0x55555555,0x66666666,0x77777777,0x88888888,0x99999999,0xaaaaaaaa,0xbbbbbbbb,0xcccccccc,0xdddddddd,0xeeeeeeee,0xffffffff
};//目标数组
uint32_t desBuf[BUF_SIZE];/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */int i = 0;/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *///①：开启DMA1通道1的数据传输HAL_DMA_Start(&hdma_memtomem_dma1_channel1,(uint32_t)srcBuf,(uint32_t)desBuf,sizeof(uint32_t) * BUF_SIZE);  //DMA1通道1的数据开始传输//②：等待DMA1通道1数据传输完成while(__HAL_DMA_GET_FLAG(&hdma_memtomem_dma1_channel1,DMA_FLAG_TC1) == RESET);  //等待某个通道的数据传输完成，flag标志位置位RESET//③：打印数组内容for(i = 0;i < BUF_SIZE;i++){printf("Buf[%d] = %X\r\n",i,desBuf[i]);}/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8);HAL_Delay(500);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

DMA实验2（存储器 -> 外设：UART1）

使用DMA的方式将存储器的内容发送到串口1，同时每隔0.5s翻转一次LED1的电平。

STM32的hal库关于DMA的函数

HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA()

使用DMA将其他地方的数据搬运到串口。

原型：HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)

参数：
UART_HandleTypeDef *huart：串口句柄
uint8_t *pData：传输数据地址
uint16_t Size：传输数据大小

实例：
#define BUF_SIZE 1000

unsigned char sendBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};

for(i = 0;i < BUF_SIZE;i++){
sendBuf[i] = 'h';
}

HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart1,sendBuf,BUF_SIZE); //将数据通过串口DMA发送

使用STM32CubeMX创建工程

配置SYS

配置RCC

配置GPIO

PB8配置成输出高电平

配置串口信息（UART1）

配置DMA

• 使用DMA1的通道4，传输方向为内存到外设（串口1）

• 配置成正常模式只会向串口发送一次数组内容，而配置成循环模式将不断向串口发送数组内容

配置工程名称、工程路径

选择固件库

生成工程

使用MicroLIB库

main.c文件编写

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */#define BUF_SIZE 1000/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *///待发送数据
unsigned char sendBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */int i = 0;/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *///①：准备数据for(i = 0;i < BUF_SIZE;i++){sendBuf[i] = 'h';}//②：将数据通过串口DMA发送HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart1,sendBuf,BUF_SIZE);  //将数据通过串口DMA发送/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8);HAL_Delay(500);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

DMA实验3（外设：UART1 -> 存储器）

使用DMA的方式将串口1接收缓存寄存器的数据搬运到存储器中，再通过串口打印存储器数据，同时每隔0.5s翻转一次LED1的电平。

实现流程

• 使能IDLE空闲中断，当检测到串口空闲时（串口每接收完一份数据）就会调用一次串口中断。

• 将串口数据使用DMA搬运到内存。

• 在串口的中断处理函数USART1_IRQHandler()中将内存的数据显示在串口中：

1. 判断是否是串口空闲触发的中断，即判断IDLE标志位是否置位SET。

2. 停止DMA从串口搬运数据到内存。

3. 获取DMA从串口搬运的数据大小。

• 将DMA从串口搬运的内存数据打印在串口。

• 重新将串口数据使用DMA搬运到内存，准备下一次的重复操作。

STM32的hal库关于DMA的函数

HAL_UART_Receive_DMA()

使用DMA搬运串口数据到其他地方

原型：
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)

参数：
UART_HandleTypeDef *huart：串口句柄
uint8_t *pData：传输数据地址
uint16_t Size：传输数据大小

实例：
#define BUF_SIZE 1000

uint8_t rcvBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};

HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,rcvBuf,BUF_SIZE); //将串口数据通过DMA接收到内存

__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT()

使能某个串口标志位的中断。

原型：
__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(__HANDLE__, __INTERRUPT__)

参数：
__HANDLE__：串口句柄
__INTERRUPT__：
UART_IT_CTS: CTS change interrupt
UART_IT_LBD: LIN Break detection interrupt
UART_IT_TXE: Transmit Data Register empty interrupt
UART_IT_TC: Transmission complete interrupt
UART_IT_RXNE: Receive Data register not empty interrupt
UART_IT_IDLE: 串口空闲中断
UART_IT_PE: Parity Error interrupt
UART_IT_ERR: Error interrupt(Frame error, noise error, overrun error)

实例：
__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_IDLE); //使能IDLE空闲中断

__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG()

获取串口的某个标志位的状态

原型：
#define __HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(__HANDLE__, __FLAG__) (((__HANDLE__)->Instance->SR & (__FLAG__)) == (__FLAG__))

参数：
_HANDLE__：串口句柄
__FLAG__：
UART_FLAG_CTS: CTS Change flag (not available for UART4 and UART5)
UART_FLAG_LBD: LIN Break detection flag
UART_FLAG_TXE: Transmit data register empty flag
UART_FLAG_TC: Transmission Complete flag
UART_FLAG_RXNE: Receive data register not empty flag
UART_FLAG_IDLE: 串口空闲标志位
UART_FLAG_ORE: Overrun Error flag
UART_FLAG_NE: Noise Error flag
UART_FLAG_FE: Framing Error flag
UART_FLAG_PE: Parity Error flag

实例：
__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&huart1,UART_FLAG_IDLE) //获取IDLE标志位的状态，如果被置位了为SET

HAL_UART_DMAStop()

停止DMA从串口搬运数据或者停止DMA搬运数据到串口。

原型：
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_DMAStop(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)

参数：
UART_HandleTypeDef *huart：串口句柄

实例：
HAL_UART_DMAStop(&huart1); //停止DMA从串口搬运数据

使用STM32CubeMX创建工程

配置SYS

配置RCC

配置GPIO

PB8配置成输出高电平

配置串口信息（UART1）

配置DMA

使用DMA1的通道5，传输方向为外设（串口1）到内存

配置工程名称、工程路径

选择固件库

生成工程

使用MicroLIB库

main.c文件编写

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#define BUF_SIZE 100
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */uint8_t rcvBuf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};  //接收数据缓存数组
uint8_t rcvLen = 0;  //接收一份数据的长度/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *///使能IDLE空闲中断，当检测到串口空闲时就会调用串口中断__HAL_UART_ENABLE_IT(&huart1,UART_IT_IDLE);//DMA搬运串口数据到内存HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,rcvBuf,BUF_SIZE);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8);HAL_Delay(500);}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

stm32f1xx_it.c文件编写

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file    stm32f1xx_it.c* @brief   Interrupt Service Routines.******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f1xx_it.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN TD *//* USER CODE END TD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */extern uint8_t rcvBuf[BUF_SIZE];  //接收数据缓存数组
extern uint8_t rcvLen;  //接收一帧数据的长度/* USER CODE END 0 *//* External variables --------------------------------------------------------*/
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart1_rx;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart1_tx;
extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USER CODE BEGIN EV *//* USER CODE END EV *//******************************************************************************/
/*           Cortex-M3 Processor Interruption and Exception Handlers          */
/******************************************************************************/
/*** @brief This function handles Non maskable interrupt.*/
void NMI_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN NonMaskableInt_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END NonMaskableInt_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN NonMaskableInt_IRQn 1 */while (1){}/* USER CODE END NonMaskableInt_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles Hard fault interrupt.*/
void HardFault_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN HardFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END HardFault_IRQn 0 */while (1){/* USER CODE BEGIN W1_HardFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END W1_HardFault_IRQn 0 */}
}/*** @brief This function handles Memory management fault.*/
void MemManage_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */while (1){/* USER CODE BEGIN W1_MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END W1_MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */}
}/*** @brief This function handles Prefetch fault, memory access fault.*/
void BusFault_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN BusFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END BusFault_IRQn 0 */while (1){/* USER CODE BEGIN W1_BusFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END W1_BusFault_IRQn 0 */}
}/*** @brief This function handles Undefined instruction or illegal state.*/
void UsageFault_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN UsageFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END UsageFault_IRQn 0 */while (1){/* USER CODE BEGIN W1_UsageFault_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END W1_UsageFault_IRQn 0 */}
}/*** @brief This function handles System service call via SWI instruction.*/
void SVC_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN SVCall_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END SVCall_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN SVCall_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END SVCall_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles Debug monitor.*/
void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN DebugMonitor_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END DebugMonitor_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN DebugMonitor_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END DebugMonitor_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles Pendable request for system service.*/
void PendSV_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN PendSV_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END PendSV_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE BEGIN PendSV_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END PendSV_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles System tick timer.*/
void SysTick_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 0 */HAL_IncTick();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 1 */
}/******************************************************************************/
/* STM32F1xx Peripheral Interrupt Handlers                                    */
/* Add here the Interrupt Handlers for the used peripherals.                  */
/* For the available peripheral interrupt handler names,                      */
/* please refer to the startup file (startup_stm32f1xx.s).                    */
/******************************************************************************//*** @brief This function handles DMA1 channel4 global interrupt.*/
void DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel4_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel4_IRQn 0 */HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart1_tx);/* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel4_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel4_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles DMA1 channel5 global interrupt.*/
void DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel5_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel5_IRQn 0 */HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart1_rx);/* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Channel5_IRQn 1 *//* USER CODE END DMA1_Channel5_IRQn 1 */
}/*** @brief This function handles USART1 global interrupt.*/void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_IRQn 0 *//* USER CODE END USART1_IRQn 0 */HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&huart1);/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_IRQn 1 *///如果是串口1空闲触发的中断，IDLE标志位会置位SETif(__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&huart1,UART_FLAG_IDLE) == SET){  //__HAL_UART_CLEAR_FEFLAG(&huart1);  //清除帧错误标志位FE，该位会提醒当前字符是否存在帧错误    HAL_UART_DMAStop(&huart1);  //停止DMA从串口1中搬运数据uint8_t tempLen = __HAL_DMA_GET_COUNTER(&hdma_usart1_rx);  //获取DMA未搬运的数据大小    rcvLen = BUF_SIZE - tempLen;  //DMA当前搬运了的数据大小HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,rcvBuf,rcvLen,0xffff);        //将内存数据通过DNA发送到串口HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,rcvBuf,BUF_SIZE);  //重新开始DMA搬运串口数据到内存}/* USER CODE END USART1_IRQn 1 */
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 */