1. 关闭防火墙和selinux

（centos版本差异，相应的查询命令不同，自行百度）

[root@master opt]# firewall-cmd --state
running
[root@master opt]# [root@master opt]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-08-25 23:19:37 CST; 6 months 17 days agoDocs: man:firewalld(1)Main PID: 781 (firewalld)CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service└─781 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopidAug 25 23:19:34 master systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Aug 25 23:19:37 master systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Aug 25 23:19:37 master firewalld[781]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is con...ow.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

2. 关闭防火墙：

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动[root@master opt]# systemctl stop firewalld.service[root@master opt]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@master opt]# [root@master opt]# setenforce Permissive
[root@master opt]# getenforce
Permissive[root@master opt]# cat /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=Permissive
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted [root@master opt]# 

3. 安装依赖包

[root@master ~]# yum -y install \binutils \compat-libstdc++-33 \compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \elfutils-libelf \elfutils-libelf-devel \gcc \gcc-c++ \glibc \glibc.i686 \glibc-common \glibc-devel \glibc-devel.i686 \glibc-headers ksh \libaio \libaio.i686 \libaio-devel \libaio-devel.i686 \libgcc \libgcc.i686 \libstdc++ \libstdc++.i686 \libstdc++-devel \make \sysstat \unixODBC \unixODBC-devel \unzip \lrzsz \vim \ksh[root@master ~]#  yum install libXext.so.6

4. 添加oracle用户

[root@master ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@master ~]# groupadd dba
[root@master ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle （主组 oinstall，其它组：dba）
[root@master ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

5. 修改内核参数

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf内存小于64GB，用参数一；大于 64G用参数二  ：
参数一： 
***********************************
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
************************************
参数二： 
************************************
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 536870912
kernel.shmmax = 270997127168
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
******************************************

6. 执行命令sysctl使其自检并生效

[root@master ~]# sysctl -p
vm.max_map_count = 655360
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

7. 修改用户资源限制

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle              soft    nproc  2047
oracle              hard    nproc  16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

8. 修改/etc/pam.d/login配置文件

 # 64位安装
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so 
session required pam_limits.so

9. 修改用户配置文件

[root@localhost data]# vim /etc/profile# oracle 
if [ $USER = "oracle" ];thenif [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384ulimit -n 65536fi
fi

10. 生效配置文件

[root@master ~]# source /etc/profile

11. 创建安装目录

[root@master ~]# mkdir -p /u01/oracle /u01/oracle/inventory[root@master ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01   /u01/oracle  /u01/oracle/inventory[root@master ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle /u01/oracle/inventory

12. 通过xshell上传zip文件并解压

##解压缩命令
cd /opt
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

13. 数据库授权

[root@master database]# chmod 777 /opt/database
[root@master database]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/database
[root@master database]# 

14. 修改配置 db_install.rsp 文件

直接修改，或者直接替换文件，尽量复制出一份，避免文件异常

[oracle@master response]$ pwd
/opt/database/response
[oracle@master response]$ 
[oracle@master response]$ ll
total 80
-rw-rw-r--. 1 oracle oinstall 44969 Feb 14  2009 dbca.rsp
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall  2886 Mar 14 21:20 db_install.rsp
-rw-rw-r--. 1 oracle oinstall 22557 Aug 14  2009 db_install.rsp_bak
-rwxrwxr-x. 1 oracle oinstall  5740 Feb 26  2009 netca.rsp[oracle@master response]$ cp db_install.rsp_bak db_install.rsp【修改以下参数值，对照自己的环境即可。】
[oracle@master response]$ vim db_install.rsp   
#文件如下
# 标注响应文件版本-不要修改
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
# 选择安装类型-只安装数据软件
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 指定主机名称-环境变量
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost
# 指定oracle oraInventory目录的所有者-oinstall
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
# 指定oraInventory 目录的路径
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/inventory
# 指定数据库语音
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
# 指定ORACLE_HOME的路径
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle
# 指定ORACLE_BASE目录的路径
ORACLE_BASE=/u01
# 指定数据库版本-企业版
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
# 安装组件列表
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
# 指定拥有OSDBS权限的用户组
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
# 指定拥有OSOPER权限的用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
# 选择数据库用途-一般用途
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
# 指定数据库的GlobalName(全局名称)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=plsdb
# 指定数据库的SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=plsdb
# 指定数据库字符集：ZHS16GBK AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK
# 开启自动内存管理
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
# 是否载入示例模板-false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
# 是否启用安全设置
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
# 指定数据库用户使用同一个密码，也可分开指定
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=cry111111
# 指定 SYS 用户密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
# 指定 SYSTEM 用户密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
# 指定 SYSMAN 用户密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
# 指定 DBSNMP 用户密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
# 指定数据库本地管理工具
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
# 指定数据库是否开启自动备份-false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
# 指定数据库存储方式
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
# 指定数据库数据文件/控制文件/RedoLog的存放目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
# 使用文件系统时指定的备份恢复目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
# 指定数据库是否设置安全更新-true
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
# 指定数据库更新-SKIP_UPDATES
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES# 创建的文件授权
[oracle@master response]$ chmod 755 db_install.rsp

15 切换至oracle用户

[root@master ~]$ su  -  oracle 
[oracle@master ~]$ vim .bash_profile
# ORACLE_BASE ,ORACLE_HOME ,ORACLE_SID,ORACLE_OWNER 与前文配置一致
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=plsdb
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin

16.保存生效

[oracle@master ~]$ source .bash_profile

17.安装 db_install.rsp

[oracle@master database]$ ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 12 oracle oinstall  203 Aug 17  2009 doc
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  223 Aug 14  2009 install
drwxrwxr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   87 Mar 14 21:20 response
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   34 Aug 14  2009 rpm
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 oracle oinstall 4352 Aug 14  2009 runInstaller
drwxrwxr-x.  2 oracle oinstall   29 Aug 14  2009 sshsetup
drwxr-xr-x. 14 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 14  2009 stage
-rw-r--r--.  1 oracle oinstall 5400 Aug 18  2009 welcome.html
[oracle@master database]$ pwd
/opt/database
[oracle@master database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /opt/database/response/db_install.rspStarting Oracle Universal Installer...Checking Temp space: must be greater than 80 MB.   Actual 17231 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 2047 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2023-03-14_10-26-48PM. Please wait ... [WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.CAUSE: The selected Oracle home contained directories or files.ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.CAUSE: The selected Oracle home contained directories or files.ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
You can find the log of this install session at:/u01/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2023-03-14_10-26-48PM.log[oracle@master database]$ 
[oracle@master database]$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user. #!/bin/sh #Root scripts to run/u01/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/oracle/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue Successfully Setup Software.出现两个脚本即为成功。/u01/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/oracle/root.sh

18. 新创建的root窗口内执行以下提示内的脚本， 即

  /u01/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh/u01/oracle/root.sh[root@master oracle]# sh /u01/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/oracle/inventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.Changing groupname of /u01/oracle/inventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.[root@master oracle]# sh /u01/oracle/root.sh
Check /u01/oracle/install/root_master_2023-03-14_22-41-29.log for the output of root script自动创建文件为 
[root@master etc]# cat oraInst.loc 
inventory_loc=/u01/oracle/inventory
inst_group=oinstall

19.监听安装 netca.rsp

[root@master response]# cat netca.rsp |grep -v ^#|grep -v ^$|grep -v "=$"[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}[oracle@master database]$ netca -silent -responsefile /opt/database/response/netca.rsp ============================ ============================****DISPLAY environment variable not set!Oracle Net Configuration Assistant is a GUI toolwhich requires that DISPLAY specify a locationwhere GUI tools can display.Set and export DISPLAY, then re-run.========================================================Parsing command line arguments:Parameter "silent" = trueParameter "responsefile" = /opt/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:Running Listener Control: /u01/oracle/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENERListener Control complete.Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@master database]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAR-2023 22:54:39Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listenerTNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter errorTNS-00511: No listenerLinux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@master database]$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAR-2023 22:54:54Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Starting /u01/oracle/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Log messages written to /u01/diag/tnslsnr/master/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=master)(PORT=1521)))Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                14-MAR-2023 22:54:54
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/master/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=master)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@master database]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAR-2023 22:55:02Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                14-MAR-2023 22:54:54
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 7 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/master/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=master)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@master database]$ lsnrctl stopLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAR-2023 22:55:13Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
The command completed successfully

20.静默创建库，修改配置文件 dbca.rsp

[oracle@master response]$ vim dbca.rsp  
[oracle@master response]$ cat dbca.rsp |grep -v ^#|grep -v ^$|grep -v "=$"[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "plsdb"
SID = "plsdb"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
[createTemplateFromDB]
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:plsdb"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
[createCloneTemplate]
SOURCEDB = "plsdb"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
[DELETEDATABASE]
SOURCEDB = "plsdb"
[generateScripts]
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
GDBNAME = plsdb
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "plsdb"
INSTANCENAME = orcl11g
SYSDBAUSERNAME = sys

21.静默创建库 (密码是设置的)

[oracle@master database]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp 
Enter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: Copying database files
1% complete
2% complete
4% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
38% complete
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
51% complete
56% complete
57% complete
61% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
86% complete
98% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/cfgtoollogs/dbca/plsdb/plsdb.log" for further details.
[oracle@master database]$ 

22.验证

[oracle@master database]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Mar 15 16:10:31 2023Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> startup
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area  759943168 bytes
Fixed Size                  2257112 bytes
Variable Size             503320360 bytes
Database Buffers          247463936 bytes
Redo Buffers                6901760 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> 

失败删除，重新安装

[root@master bin]# rm -rf /usr/local/bin/coraenv /usr/local/bin/oraenv /usr/local/bin/dbhome [root@master bin]# rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc /etc/oratab 
[root@master bin]# rm -rf /u01/*rm -rf /usr/local/bin/coraenv /usr/local/bin/oraenv /usr/local/bin/dbhome 
rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc /etc/oratab 
rm -rf /u01/*