要替代ASP.NET Core的身份验证框架，可以使用第三方库或自定义身份验证方案。下面是两种解决方法的示例代码：

1. 使用IdentityServer4作为身份验证框架：

   • 安装IdentityServer4 NuGet包

   dotnet add package IdentityServer4
   

   • 创建IdentityServer的配置类

   public class IdentityServerConfig
   {
       public static IEnumerable Clients =>
           new List
           {
               new Client
               {
                   ClientId = "client_id",
                   AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.ClientCredentials,
                   ClientSecrets =
                   {
                       new Secret("client_secret".Sha256())
                   },
                   AllowedScopes = { "api_name" }
               }
           };
   
       public static IEnumerable ApiScopes =>
           new List
           {
               new ApiScope("api_name", "API Name")
           };
   }
   

   • 配置IdentityServer服务和身份验证

   public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
   {
       // ...
   
       services.AddIdentityServer()
           .AddInMemoryClients(IdentityServerConfig.Clients)
           .AddInMemoryApiScopes(IdentityServerConfig.ApiScopes)
           .AddDeveloperSigningCredential();
   
       services.AddAuthentication("Bearer")
           .AddJwtBearer("Bearer", options =>
           {
               options.Authority = "https://localhost:5001";
               options.Audience = "api_name";
           });
   
       // ...
   }
   

   • 在控制器中使用身份验证

   [Authorize]
   [ApiController]
   [Route("api/[controller]")]
   public class TestController : ControllerBase
   {
       [HttpGet]
       public IActionResult Get()
       {
           return Ok("Authenticated");
       }
   }
   

2. 自定义身份验证方案：

   • 创建一个自定义的身份验证处理程序

   public class CustomAuthenticationHandler : AuthenticationHandler
   {
       public CustomAuthenticationHandler(IOptionsMonitor options, ILoggerFactory logger, UrlEncoder encoder, ISystemClock clock)
           : base(options, logger, encoder, clock)
       {
       }
   
       protected override async Task HandleAuthenticateAsync()
       {
           // 进行你的身份验证逻辑
           // ...
   
           // 如果验证通过，创建ClaimsPrincipal对象
           var claims = new List
           {
               new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, "username")
           };
           var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, Scheme.Name);
           var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
           var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(principal, Scheme.Name);
   
           return await Task.FromResult(AuthenticateResult.Success(ticket));
       }
   }
   

   • 注册自定义身份验证处理程序

   public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
   {
       // ...
   
       services.AddAuthentication("CustomScheme")
           .AddScheme("CustomScheme", options => { });
   
       // ...
   }
   

   • 在控制器中使用身份验证

   [Authorize(AuthenticationSchemes = "CustomScheme")]
   [ApiController]
   [Route("api/[controller]")]
   public class TestController : ControllerBase
   {
       [HttpGet]
       public IActionResult Get()
       {
           return Ok("Authenticated");
       }
   }
   

这些是使用IdentityServer4和自定义身份验证方案替代ASP.NET Core身份验证框架的示例方法。请根据自己的需求选择适合的解决方案。