可以使用Retry机制重新运行查询以解决Athena查询由于时间问题而返回空结果的问题。

以下是使用Python中的Boto3库实现的示例代码：

import boto3
import time
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

# 创建Athena客户端
athena_client = boto3.client('athena')

# 设置Retry次数和间隔时间
num_retries = 3
retry_interval = 5

# 定义查询函数
def run_query(query, database, s3_output):
    for i in range(num_retries):
        try:
            # 运行查询
            response = athena_client.start_query_execution(
                QueryString=query,
                QueryExecutionContext={
                    'Database': database
                },
                ResultConfiguration={
                    'OutputLocation': s3_output,
                }
            )
            # 获取查询ID
            query_execution_id = response['QueryExecutionId']
            # 等待查询完成
            while True:
                query_status = athena_client.get_query_execution(QueryExecutionId=query_execution_id)
                query_execution_state = query_status['QueryExecution']['Status']['State']
                if query_execution_state == 'SUCCEEDED':
                    return query_execution_id
                elif query_execution_state == 'FAILED':
                    error_message = query_status['QueryExecution']['Status']['StateChangeReason']
                    raise Exception('Athena query failed: {}'.format(error_message))
                else:
                    time.sleep(retry_interval)
        except ClientError as e:
            error_code = e.response['Error']['Code']
            if error_code == 'TooManyRequestsException':
                time.sleep(retry_interval)
                continue
            else:
                raise
    raise Exception('Athena query timed out')

# 调用查询函数并获取结果
query = "SELECT * FROM your_table"
database = "your_database"
s3_output = "s3://your-bucket/your-folder/"
query_execution_id = run_query(query, database, s3_output)
result = athena_client.get_query_results(QueryExecutionId=query_execution_id)
print(result['ResultSet']['Rows'])