在AWS中,对签名请求进行身份验证的主要方法是使用AWS Signature Version 4算法生成签名,并将其包含在请求的Authorization头中。
以下是一个使用Python的示例代码,展示如何对请求进行身份验证:
import hmac
import hashlib
import datetime
import requests
# AWS凭证
access_key = 'YOUR_AWS_ACCESS_KEY'
secret_key = 'YOUR_AWS_SECRET_KEY'
region = 'aws-region'
service = 'aws-service'
# 构建规范请求字符串
http_method = 'GET'
canonical_uri = '/path/to/resource'
canonical_querystring = 'param1=value1¶m2=value2'
canonical_headers = 'host:example.com\ncontent-type:application/json\n'
signed_headers = 'host;content-type'
payload = '' # 空载荷,GET请求一般没有请求体
# 构建规范请求
now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
amz_date = now.strftime('%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ')
datestamp = now.strftime('%Y%m%d') # 日期部分
canonical_request = f'{http_method}\n{canonical_uri}\n{canonical_querystring}\n{canonical_headers}\n{signed_headers}\n{hashlib.sha256(payload.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()}'
# 构建字符串到签名的范围
credential_scope = f'{datestamp}/{region}/{service}/aws4_request'
# 构建待签名的字符串
string_to_sign = f'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256\n{amz_date}\n{credential_scope}\n{hashlib.sha256(canonical_request.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()}'
# 生成签名密钥
def sign(key, msg):
return hmac.new(key, msg.encode('utf-8'), hashlib.sha256).digest()
def get_signature_key(key, datestamp, region, service):
k_date = sign(('AWS4' + key).encode('utf-8'), datestamp)
k_region = sign(k_date, region)
k_service = sign(k_region, service)
k_signing = sign(k_service, 'aws4_request')
return k_signing
# 计算签名
signature_key = get_signature_key(secret_key, datestamp, region, service)
signature = hmac.new(signature_key, string_to_sign.encode('utf-8'), hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
# 构建Authorization头
authorization_header = f'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential={access_key}/{credential_scope}, SignedHeaders={signed_headers}, Signature={signature}'
# 发送请求
url = 'https://example.com' + canonical_uri
headers = {
'Host': 'example.com',
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': authorization_header,
'X-Amz-Date': amz_date
}
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
print(response.text)
请将YOUR_AWS_ACCESS_KEY
,YOUR_AWS_SECRET_KEY
,aws-region
和aws-service
替换为您自己的AWS凭证和服务信息。
此示例代码使用Python的requests
库发送GET请求,并在请求头中包含生成的签名信息。您可以根据自己的需求进行适当的修改和调整。