解决方法如下：

1. 首先，创建一个Angular 8项目：

ng new dynamic-table

2. 进入项目目录并安装所需的依赖项：

cd dynamic-table
npm install --save @angular/material @angular/cdk @angular/animations

3. 在app.module.ts文件中引入所需的模块：

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { MatTableModule } from '@angular/material/table';

import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    BrowserAnimationsModule,
    MatTableModule
  ],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

4. 在app.component.ts文件中定义表格数据和表头数据：

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
  displayedColumns: string[] = ['position', 'name', 'weight', 'symbol'];
  dataSource = [
    {position: 1, name: 'Hydrogen', weight: 1.0079, symbol: 'H'},
    {position: 2, name: 'Helium', weight: 4.0026, symbol: 'He'},
    {position: 3, name: 'Lithium', weight: 6.941, symbol: 'Li'},
    {position: 4, name: 'Beryllium', weight: 9.0122, symbol: 'Be'},
    {position: 5, name: 'Boron', weight: 10.811, symbol: 'B'},
    {position: 6, name: 'Carbon', weight: 12.0107, symbol: 'C'},
    {position: 7, name: 'Nitrogen', weight: 14.0067, symbol: 'N'},
    {position: 8, name: 'Oxygen', weight: 15.9994, symbol: 'O'},
    {position: 9, name: 'Fluorine', weight: 18.9984, symbol: 'F'},
    {position: 10, name: 'Neon', weight: 20.1797, symbol: 'Ne'},
  ];
}

5. 在app.component.html文件中使用MatTable来展示表格数据：

    
    
    
    

  
 No. 
    
 {{element.position}} 
  

  
 Name 
    
 {{element.name}} 
  

  
 Weight 
    
 {{element.weight}} 
  

  
 Symbol 
    
 {{element.symbol}} 
  

  

  

6. 运行项目并查看结果：

ng serve

以上代码示例展示了如何在Angular 8中创建一个动态表格，并使用JSON数据填充表格。该实例使用了Angular Material中的MatTable组件来展示表格数据。