在Asp.Net Core中,可以使用JsonSerializerSettings类来配置Json序列化和反序列化的行为。
以下是一个示例,展示了如何在Asp.Net Core中反序列化接口类型:
public interface IPerson
{
string Name { get; set; }
int Age { get; set; }
}
public class Person : IPerson
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// 添加Mvc服务
services.AddMvc()
.AddJsonOptions(options =>
{
options.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
options.SerializerSettings.Converters.Add(new Newtonsoft.Json.Converters.StringEnumConverter());
// 将接口类型注册为Person实现类
options.SerializerSettings.Converters.Add(new InterfaceImplementationConverter());
});
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System;
public class InterfaceImplementationConverter : JsonConverter
where TImplementation : TInterface
{
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
return typeof(TInterface).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
JObject jsonObject = JObject.Load(reader);
// 将接口类型反序列化为实现类
var target = Activator.CreateInstance();
serializer.Populate(jsonObject.CreateReader(), target);
return target;
}
public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
在以上示例中,我们通过在JsonSerializerSettings中添加一个自定义的JsonConverter来实现接口类型的反序列化。然后,在需要进行反序列化的Controller的Action方法中,可以直接声明接口类型作为参数,框架将会自动将请求中的Json数据反序列化为实现类。
例如,以下是一个Controller的示例:
[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class PersonController : ControllerBase
{
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult Create([FromBody] IPerson person)
{
// 在这里可以直接使用person对象,它已经被反序列化为Person实例
// 进行一些处理...
return Ok();
}
}
当请求到达Create()方法时,接口类型IPerson将会被自动反序列化为Person实例。