去mysql官网下载mysql

通过mysql官网的download界面，找到community server，然后选择对应linux版本下载对应的安装包
这里直接上链接
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
可以通过cat /etc/centos-release命令找到当前centos对应的版本

下载&安装myslq-community-server安装包

yum install mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装后遇到以下问题：

--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64)Requires: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11
Error: Package: mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64)Requires: mysql-community-icu-data-files = 8.0.31-1.el7
Error: Package: mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-server-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64)Requires: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.31-1.el7

原因是因为缺少对应的依赖，对应的依赖在下载页面可以找到

然后下载对应的rpm文件进行安装

rpm -Uvh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -Uvh mysql-community-common-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

安装这俩文件包十分顺利，但是安装第三个包时出现问题

rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

报错

error: Failed dependencies:mysql-community-client-plugins = 8.0.30-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 is needed by mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64

不就是缺少依赖吗？继续找

找到其中一个依赖，安装，没毛病

rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

再继续找，也找到了

安装

rpm -Uvh mysql-community-libs-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

有毛病，遇到问题了

error: Failed dependencies:libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64

遇到这个问题，是因为centos的默认数据库是 mariadb ，这两个包已经被mariadb数据库所依赖了

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

强制删除mariadb数据库，释放这个包

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.i686

再次安装剩余的包

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.30-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...1:mysql-community-client-8.0.30-1.e################################# [100%]

完美通过

检查mysql是否安装成功

查看当前mysql服务状态

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

当前mysql为未启动状态

启动mysql服务

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service

再次查看mysql状态

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-11-22 02:10:28 CST; 4s agoDocs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlProcess: 12896 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 13014 (mysqld)Status: "Server is operational"CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service└─13014 /usr/sbin/mysqldNov 22 02:10:20 VM-0-13-centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Nov 22 02:10:28 VM-0-13-centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

mysql已经是启动状态了

获取mysql初始密码

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 
2022-11-21T18:10:23.266077Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: UGWyvk3l?tWE

进入数据库&修改密码

[root@VM-0-13-centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -pUGWyvk3l?tWE
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

到此，数据库就安装成功啦